Chidziwitso cha transformer

Transformer ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoyendetsera magetsi kuti chisinthe magetsi a AC. Zigawo zake zazikulu ndi coil yoyamba, coil yachiwiri ndi chitsulo chachikulu.

Mu ntchito zamagetsi, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona mthunzi wa transformer, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumagetsi ngati voteji yosinthira, kudzipatula.

Mwachidule, chiŵerengero cha magetsi cha ma coil oyambira ndi achiwiri ndi chofanana ndi chiŵerengero cha ma turns a ma coil oyambira ndi achiwiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kutulutsa ma voltage osiyanasiyana, mutha kusintha chiŵerengero cha ma turns a ma coil.

Malinga ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito a ma transformer, nthawi zambiri amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: ma transformer okhala ndi ma frequency otsika ndi ma high-frequency transformer. Mwachitsanzo, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ma frequency alternating current amphamvu ndi 50Hz. Timatcha ma transformer omwe amagwira ntchito pa ma frequency awa kuti ma frequency otsika; Ma frequency ogwirira ntchito a ma high-frequency transformer amatha kufika makumi a kHz mpaka mazana a kHz.

Voliyumu ya transformer ya ma frequency apamwamba ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa ya transformer ya ma frequency otsika yokhala ndi mphamvu yofanana yotulutsa.

Transformer ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri mu power circuit. Ngati mukufuna kuchepetsa voliyumu pamene mukuonetsetsa kuti mphamvu yotulutsa ikugwira ntchito, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito transformer ya high-frequency. Chifukwa chake, ma high-frequency transformer amagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha magetsi.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya transformer ya ma frequency apamwamba ndi transformer ya ma frequency otsika ndi yofanana, zonse ziwiri zimadalira mfundo ya induction ya electromagnetic. Komabe, pankhani ya zipangizo, "cores" zawo zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.

Pakati pa chitsulo cha transformer yotsika nthawi zambiri pamakhala mapepala ambiri achitsulo cha silikoni, pomwe pakati pa chitsulo cha transformer yotsika nthawi zambiri pamakhala zinthu zamaginito zothamanga kwambiri (monga ferrite). (Chifukwa chake, pakati pa chitsulo cha transformer yotsika nthawi zambiri amatchedwa pakati pa maginito)

Mu DC stabilized voltage supply circuit, low-frequency transformer imatumiza chizindikiro cha sine wave.

Posintha magetsi, transformer ya ma frequency apamwamba imatumiza chizindikiro cha mafunde a square wave cha ma frequency apamwamba.

Pa mphamvu yoyesedwa, chiŵerengero pakati pa mphamvu yotulutsa ndi mphamvu yolowetsa ya transformer chimatchedwa mphamvu ya transformer. Pamene mphamvu yotulutsa ya transformer ili yofanana ndi mphamvu yolowetsa, mphamvu yake ndi 100%. Ndipotu, transformer yotereyi siilipo, chifukwa kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutayika kwa chitsulo zilipo, transformeryo idzakhala ndi kutayika kwina.

Kodi kutayika kwa mkuwa n'chiyani?

Popeza coil ya transformer ili ndi kukana kwina, mphamvu ikadutsa mu coil, gawo lina la mphamvu lidzakhala kutentha. Chifukwa coil ya transformer imakulungidwa ndi waya wamkuwa, kutayika kumeneku kumatchedwanso kutayika kwa mkuwa.

Kodi kutayika kwa chitsulo n'chiyani?

Kutayika kwa chitsulo kwa transformer kumaphatikizapo mbali ziwiri: kutayika kwa hysteresis ndi kutayika kwa eddy current; Kutayika kwa hysteresis kumatanthauza kuti pamene magetsi osinthasintha akudutsa mu coil, mizere ya mphamvu yamaginito idzapangidwa kuti idutse pakati pa chitsulo, ndipo mamolekyu omwe ali mkati mwa chitsulo adzakangana kuti apange kutentha, motero amadya gawo la mphamvu zamagetsi; Chifukwa mzere wa mphamvu yamaginito umadutsa pakati pa chitsulo, chitsulo chidzapanganso mphamvu yoyambitsa. Chifukwa mphamvu yamagetsi ikuzungulira, imatchedwanso eddy current, ndipo kutayika kwa eddy current kudzagwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi.