Pali zofunikira zofananira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thiransifoma, yomwe imatha kuwonetsedwa ndi magawo aukadaulo.Mwachitsanzo, magawo akuluakulu aukadaulo a thiransifoma yamagetsi akuphatikizapo: mphamvu zovoteledwa, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ndi voteji, ma frequency ovotera, kutentha kwantchito, kukwera kwa kutentha, kuwongolera kwamagetsi, magwiridwe antchito komanso kukana chinyezi.Pakuti ambiri otsika pafupipafupi thiransifoma, waukulu magawo luso ndi: kusintha chiŵerengero, makhalidwe pafupipafupi, kupotoza nonlinear, maginito shielding ndi electrostatic shielding, dzuwa, etc.
Magawo akulu a thiransifoma amaphatikiza kuchuluka kwamagetsi, mawonekedwe afupipafupi, mphamvu zovoteledwa komanso kuchita bwino.
(1）Mphamvu yamagetsi
Ubale pakati pa chiŵerengero cha voteji n wa thiransifoma ndi matembenuzidwe ndi voteji ya ma windings a pulayimale ndi achiwiri ali motere: n=V1/V2=N1/N2 pomwe N1 ndiye poyambira (choyambirira) chokhotera cha thiransifoma, N2 ndiye mafunde achiwiri (achiwiri), V1 ndi voteji kumapeto onse a mapiringidzo a pulayimale, ndipo V2 ndi voteji pa malekezero onse a mafunde achiwiri.Chiyerekezo chamagetsi n cha chosinthira chokwera ndi chochepera 1, chiŵerengero cha voteji n cha thiransifoma chotsika ndi chachikulu kuposa 1, ndipo chiŵerengero chamagetsi cha thiransifoma chodzipatula ndi chofanana ndi 1.
(2）Mphamvu yovotera P Gawoli nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi osinthira mphamvu.Zimatanthawuza mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu pamene chosinthira mphamvu chimatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kupitirira kutentha kwapadera pansi pa mafupipafupi ogwira ntchito ndi magetsi.The oveteredwa mphamvu ya thiransifoma zikugwirizana ndi gawo gawo la chitsulo pachimake, m'mimba mwake wa waya enamelled, etc. The thiransifoma ali lalikulu chitsulo pakati gawo dera, wandiweyani enamelled waya awiri ndi lalikulu linanena bungwe mphamvu.
(3）Mawonekedwe a pafupipafupi Ma frequency amatanthauza kuti thiransifoma imakhala ndi ma frequency angapo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo zosinthira zokhala ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana sizingasinthidwe.Transformer ikagwira ntchito mopitilira ma frequency ake, kutentha kumakwera kapena chosinthira sichigwira ntchito bwino.
(4）Kuchita bwino kumatanthawuza chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zotuluka ndi mphamvu zolowetsa za transformer pa katundu wovotera.Mtengo uwu ndi wofanana ndi mphamvu yotulutsa thiransifoma, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yowonjezera ya transformer, ndipamwamba kwambiri;Zing'onozing'ono zotulutsa mphamvu za thiransifoma, ndizochepa kwambiri.Mtengo wokwanira wa transformer nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 60% ndi 100%.
Pa mphamvu yovotera, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zotulutsa ndi mphamvu zolowetsa za thiransifoma zimatchedwa mphamvu ya transformer, kutanthauza
η= x100%
Kutiη Ndi mphamvu ya thiransifoma;P1 ndiye mphamvu yolowera ndipo P2 ndiye mphamvu yotulutsa.
Pamene mphamvu yotulutsa P2 ya thiransifoma ndiyofanana ndi mphamvu yolowera P1, mphamvuyoη Zofanana ndi 100%, thiransifoma sichidzatulutsa kutaya kulikonse.Koma kwenikweni, palibe transformer yotere.Pamene thiransifoma imatumiza mphamvu yamagetsi, nthawi zonse imapanga zotayika, zomwe makamaka zimaphatikizapo kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutaya kwachitsulo.
Kutayika kwa mkuwa kumatanthauza kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukana kwa koyilo kwa thiransifoma.Pamene magetsi akutenthedwa kupyolera mu kukana kwa koyilo, gawo la mphamvu zamagetsi lidzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha ndikutayika.Popeza koyiloyo nthawi zambiri imavulazidwa ndi waya wamkuwa wotsekeredwa, amatchedwa kutayika kwa mkuwa.
Kutayika kwachitsulo kwa thiransifoma kumaphatikizapo zinthu ziwiri.Chimodzi ndi kutayika kwa hysteresis.Pamene mphamvu ya AC ikudutsa mu thiransifoma, mayendedwe ndi kukula kwa maginito amphamvu omwe amadutsa muzitsulo za silicon ya thiransifoma zidzasintha momwemo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mamolekyu omwe ali mkati mwa chitsulo cha silicon azipakanirana wina ndi mzake ndikutulutsa mphamvu ya kutentha. motero kutaya gawo la mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zimatchedwa hysteresis loss.Zina ndi kutayika kwamakono kwa eddy, pamene transformer ikugwira ntchito.Pali maginito amphamvu omwe amadutsa pakati pachitsulo, ndipo mphamvu yowonongeka idzapangidwira pa ndege yomwe ili pamtunda wa maginito a mphamvu.Popeza pompopompo imapanga chipika chotsekedwa ndikuzungulira ngati whirlpool, imatchedwa eddy current.Kukhalapo kwa eddy current kumapangitsa kuti pakatikati pa chitsulo kutentha ndi kuwononga mphamvu, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti eddy current loss.
Kuchita bwino kwa transformer kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya transformer.Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ikakhala yayikulu, mphamvu yotayika ndi yocheperako imakhala yocheperako, ndipo mphamvu zake zimakwera kwambiri.M'malo mwake, mphamvu zing'onozing'ono, ndizochepa kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-07-2022
