Kodi magawo akuluakulu a transformer ndi ati?

Pali zofunikira zaukadaulo zogwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma transformer, zomwe zingafotokozedwe ndi magawo aukadaulo ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, magawo akuluakulu aukadaulo a transformer yamagetsi ndi awa: mphamvu yovotera, chiŵerengero cha voltage ndi voltage, ma frequency, grade yogwira ntchito, kukwera kwa kutentha, kuchuluka kwa voltage, magwiridwe antchito komanso kukana chinyezi. Kwa ma transformer otsika, magawo akulu aukadaulo ndi awa: chiŵerengero cha kusintha, mawonekedwe a ma frequency, kusokonezeka kwa nonlinear, chitetezo cha maginito ndi chitetezo cha electrostatic, magwiridwe antchito, ndi zina zotero.

Magawo akuluakulu a transformer ndi monga chiŵerengero cha magetsi, makhalidwe a ma frequency, mphamvu yovotera komanso kugwira ntchito bwino.

()1）Kugawa kwa voteji

Ubale pakati pa chiŵerengero cha magetsi n cha transformer ndi ma turns ndi voltage ya ma windings oyambira ndi achiwiri ndi motere: n=V1/V2=N1/N2 pomwe N1 ndiye kuzunguliza koyambirira (koyamba) kwa transformer, N2 ndiye kuzunguliza kwachiwiri (kochiwiri), V1 ndiye voltage kumapeto onse a kuzunguliza koyambirira, ndipo V2 ndiye voltage kumapeto onse a kuzunguliza kwachiwiri. Chiŵerengero cha magetsi n cha transformer yokwera ndi chochepera 1, chiŵerengero cha magetsi n cha transformer yotsika ndi chokulirapo kuposa 1, ndipo chiŵerengero cha magetsi cha transformer yodzipatula ndi chofanana ndi 1.

()2）Mphamvu yovotera P. Gawoli nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma transformer amphamvu. Limatanthauza mphamvu yotulutsa pamene transformer yamagetsi imatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kupitirira kutentha komwe kwatchulidwa pansi pa ma frequency ogwirira ntchito ndi voltage yomwe yatchulidwa. Mphamvu yovotera ya transformer imakhudzana ndi gawo la pakati pa chitsulo, m'mimba mwake wa waya wopangidwa ndi enamel, ndi zina zotero. Transformer ili ndi gawo lalikulu la pakati pa chitsulo, m'mimba mwake wa waya wokhuthala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa.

()3）Khalidwe la ma frequency Khalidwe la ma frequency limatanthauza kuti transformer ili ndi ma frequency enaake ogwirira ntchito, ndipo ma transformer okhala ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito sangasinthidwene. Transformer ikagwira ntchito kupitirira ma frequency ake, kutentha kumakwera kapena transformer sigwira ntchito bwino.

()4）Kuchita bwino kumatanthauza chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yotulutsa ndi mphamvu yolowera ya transformer pa katundu wovoteledwa. Mtengo uwu umagwirizana ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya transformer, kutanthauza kuti, mphamvu yotulutsa ya transformer ikakula, mphamvu imakwera; Mphamvu yotulutsa ya transformer ikachepa, mphamvu imachepa. Mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya transformer nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 60% ndi 100%.

Pa mphamvu yovotera, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yotulutsa ndi mphamvu yolowera ya transformer chimatchedwa mphamvu ya transformer, yomwe ndi

η= x100%

Kumeneη Kodi mphamvu ya transformer ndi yotani; P1 ndi mphamvu yolowera ndipo P2 ndi mphamvu yotulutsa.

Pamene mphamvu yotulutsa P2 ya transformer ili yofanana ndi mphamvu yolowetsa P1, mphamvu yogwira ntchitoη Chofanana ndi 100%, thirakitala sidzabweretsa kutayika kulikonse. Koma kwenikweni, palibe thirakitala yotere. Pamene thirakitala itumiza mphamvu yamagetsi, nthawi zonse imabweretsa kutayika, komwe kumaphatikizapo kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutayika kwa chitsulo.

Kutayika kwa mkuwa kumatanthauza kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukana kwa coil kwa transformer. Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikutenthedwa kudzera mu kukana kwa coil, gawo lina la mphamvu yamagetsi lidzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha ndikutayika. Popeza coil nthawi zambiri imakulungidwa ndi waya wamkuwa wotetezedwa, imatchedwa kutayika kwa mkuwa.

Kutayika kwa chitsulo kwa transformer kumaphatikizapo mbali ziwiri. Choyamba ndi kutayika kwa hysteresis. Pamene mphamvu ya AC ikudutsa mu transformer, njira ndi kukula kwa mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imadutsa mu pepala lachitsulo la silicon la transformer zidzasintha moyenerera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mamolekyu omwe ali mkati mwa pepala lachitsulo la silicon akhudzene wina ndi mnzake ndikutulutsa mphamvu ya kutentha, motero kutaya gawo la mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imatchedwa kutayika kwa hysteresis. China ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu ya eddy, pamene transformer ikugwira ntchito. Pali mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imadutsa pakati pa chitsulo, ndipo mphamvu yoyambitsidwa idzapangidwa pamtunda wolunjika ku mzere wa mphamvu ya maginito. Popeza mphamvu iyi imapanga kuzungulira kotsekedwa ndikuzungulira ngati whirlpool, imatchedwa mphamvu ya eddy. Kukhalapo kwa mphamvu ya eddy kumapangitsa kuti chitsulo chitenthe ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, yomwe imatchedwa kutayika kwa mphamvu ya eddy.

Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa transformer kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya transformer. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ikakhala yayikulu, mphamvu yotayika ndi yotuluka imakhala yochepa, ndipo mphamvu imakhala yayikulu. M'malo mwake, mphamvu ikakhala yocheperako, mphamvu imachepa.