Kodi inductor ndi chiyani?

Kulamulira Koyambirira kwa Bingsen Industrial

Kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ndi khalidwe la thupi mu dera lomwe limafotokoza momwe zigawo za dera zimatsutsira kusintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ndikupanga magetsi. Kuti tifotokoze bwino lingaliro ili komanso m'mawu a anthu wamba, tiyeni tilifufuze m'magawo angapo:

1. Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yamagetsi
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ikadutsa mu waya, imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunikira ya maginito. Mphamvu ya mphamvu yamagetsi imadalira kukula kwa mphamvu yamagetsi: mphamvu yamagetsi ikakhala yayikulu, mphamvu yamagetsi imapangidwanso.

2. Kuyambitsa kwa maginito amagetsi
Kenako, tiyambitsa njira yopangira magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito maginito. Lamulo la Faraday lopangira magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito maginito limatiuza kuti mphamvu ya maginito yosintha imatha kupanga magetsi m'ma conductor ozungulira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mphamvu ya maginito ikusintha, imatha "kusangalatsa" kapena "kuyambitsa" magetsi m'mawaya apafupi.

3. Ntchito ya inductance
Ndiye, kodi inductance imagwira ntchito bwanji? Mukakhala ndi waya (monga coil) ndikuyika magetsi mkati, mphamvu ya maginito imapangidwa. Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi iyamba kusintha (kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa), mphamvu yamagetsi yozungulira nayonso imasintha. Malinga ndi lamulo la Faraday, mphamvu yamagetsi iyi yosintha imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imayambitsidwa pa waya, yomwe imayesa kusunga kayendedwe ka mphamvu yamagetsi koyambirira kosasintha. Chochitika ichi ndi chiwonetsero cha inductance.

Ngati mphamvu ya magetsi ikukwera, inductor imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi yobwerera m'mbuyo, kuyesera kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi. Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi ikuchepa, inductor imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi yopita patsogolo, kuyesera kuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi. Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zina ma inductor amafotokozedwa kuti ndi "inertia" ya mphamvu yamagetsi, yotsutsa kusintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi.

4. Koyilo ndi Kutuluka kwa Madzi
Mu ntchito zenizeni, kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu ya inductance, mawaya nthawi zambiri amakulungidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a ma coil. Waya uliwonse mkati mwa coil umakhudza wina ndi mnzake chifukwa cha mphamvu ya maginito yopangidwa ndi ma coil oyandikana nawo, zomwe zimapangitsa inductance ya coil yonse kukhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa ya conductor wowongoka.

5. Kugwiritsa ntchito
Ma inductor ali ndi ntchito zambiri zothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, mu zida zamagetsi, ma inductor angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuletsa kusinthasintha kwa magetsi; Mu zida zolumikizirana zopanda zingwe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma capacitor kupanga ma circuits oscillation omwe amatha kusefa zizindikiro za ma frequency enaake.

(1) Fyuluta yamagetsi
Ma inductor amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma power circuits, makamaka posintha magetsi, kuti azitha kusalala mphamvu ndi magetsi, kuchepetsa phokoso ndi ma spikes. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa phokoso la ma frequency apamwamba komanso kupereka mphamvu yokhazikika ya DC ku ma circuits.
(2) Kusankha Ma Resonant Circuit ndi Frequency
Ma inductor ndi ma capacitor amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi kukhazikitsa ma resonant circuits omwe amatha kusankha kapena kukulitsa ma signals pama frequency enaake. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazida zolumikizirana zopanda zingwe monga ma radio ndi mafoni am'manja, chifukwa zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusefa ndi kusintha ma frequency.

(3) Kusunga ndi kutumiza mphamvu
Ma inductor amagwira ntchito ngati zigawo zosungira mphamvu m'ma circuits, makamaka m'magetsi oyendera magetsi komanso ntchito zosungira mphamvu kwakanthawi. Mu ma transformer, ma inductor amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusamutsa mphamvu pakati pa ma circuits osiyanasiyana kudzera mu maginito olumikizirana ndipo amalola kusintha kwa ma voltage ndi current levels.
(4) Kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo
Mu ma circuit oyambira ndi opereka mphamvu a ma motors amagetsi, ma inductor amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukwera kwa magetsi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, motero amapereka chitetezo cha magetsi ochulukirapo ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa magetsi.

(5) Kukonza zizindikiro
Pokonza ma signal a analog, ma inductor amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa ma signal a high-frequency, match impedance, ndi ma signal delay. Amapezeka kwambiri m'mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a fyuluta.
(6) Kuletsa kusokoneza kwa maginito (EMI)
Kulowetsa kwa magetsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa ndikusefa kusokoneza kwa magetsi (EMI), komwe kumatha kuletsa phokoso kulowa mu dera komanso kuletsa phokoso kutuluka mu dera, motero kupewa kusokoneza zida zina.

(7) Zosensa
Mu ukadaulo wina wa masensa, ma inductor amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kusintha kwa maginito, komwe kungakhale kogwirizana ndi malo, liwiro, kapena kuchuluka kwina kwa thupi.
(8) Kukonza mphamvu yamagetsi
Mu makina amagetsi a AC, ma inductor ndi ma capacitor amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi kuti akonze mphamvu, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosinthika, motero kukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zamagetsi.

6. Gawo la muyeso
Chigawo cha inductance ndi Henry (H), chotchedwa dzina la wasayansi waku America Joseph Henry. Ngati inductance ya coil ndi 1 Henry, ndiye kuti nthawi iliyonse mphamvu ikasintha pa liwiro la 1 ampere pa sekondi, imapanga voltage yoyambitsidwa ya 1 volt pa coil.

chidule
Kotero, ponseponse, inductance ndi khalidwe la gawo lomwe limakana kusintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi mwa kupanga mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo mkati mwa gawolo kuti lithane ndi kusintha kwachangu kwa mphamvu yamagetsi. Mfundo yosavuta iyi ili ndi ntchito zambiri muukadaulo wamagetsi ndi uinjiniya wamagetsi, kuyambira kusefa mphamvu kosavuta mpaka kusintha kwa ma frequency ovuta a wailesi.